Well-drilling apparatus



(No Model.) I v 2 sheets she et 1.

E. CATLIN.

WELL DRILLING APPARATUS. No. 288,975. Patented Nov. 27, 1883.

a. PETERS. mmmhampm Waflngwn. n. c.

2 Shee't-sSheet 2.

(-N Model.)

E. GATLINV m WELL DRILLING. APPARATUS.

Patented Nov. 2'7, 1883.

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P TENT rrion.

ELI CA.TLIN, on rosr OAK, TEXAS.

,WELL=DRILLING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters ,Patenfl No. 288,975, dated November 2'7, 188?. Application tiled July 18,1883. (No model.)

the county of Jack and State of Texas, have invented a new and useful ell-Drilling Apparatus, of. which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. This invention relates to machines for drilling wells and the like; and its object is to provide a machine possessing superior advantages in point of simplicity, convenience, ease of operation, inexpensiveness, and general efficiency.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of my improved well-drilling machine in position for operation. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a front end view. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken through the operating-shaft. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the ratchet mechanism by which the drill-shaft is operated. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the direct mechanism for throwing the rear drum out of gear. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are details.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the main supporting frame or truck, which comprises the front axle, B, having wheels 0 C, the rear axle, I), having wheels E E, and the connecting-reach F. The drilling mechanism is secured on this frame, and is therefore adapted to be conveniently transported from place to place.

G G are the longitudinal side pieces of the drill-frame, these being connected at their front ends by a bolster, E, that is united to the front axle by the king-bolt I, and from which project uprights J J at the sides of the machine.

K is a standard about centrally arranged on the reach F 3 and L is the main operatingsha-ft of the machine, which has its bearings M M in the said standard and on one of the side beams, G G, and carries a main gearwheel, N. At the inner end of the shaft L is fixed a ratchet wheel or disk, 0, that is inclosed within a plate, or arm, P, that is arranged locsely on the same end of the shaft, and carries a pawl, Q, that is forced into engagement with the ratchetdisk by means of a spring, R, as shown. In the projecting arm of the plate I? are formed a series of perfora tions, S, in any one of which the end of a rod, U, is adapted to be inserted. This rod is connected by a rope, V, with the drill-rope W, which passes over a pulley, X, the top of the derrick-frame Y, that comprises two convergent uprights, Z Z, hinged at then lower ends to the uprights J J, as shown at A A-, so that they can be folded down rearwardly when the machine is not in use, and rested on a bolster, B, arranged at the rear end of the machine. This derrick-frame is support-ed,

when in upright position, by inclined braces C 0 that are removably bonnected to the uprights Z Z, and are likewise secured at their rear lower ends, D D, to horizontal beams E FF, which are elevated above the beams G G by uprights F E and carry the bolster B When the derrick-frame is lowered,the braces O" G are disconnected and laid on top the machine.

In operation, when the shaft L is turned to- .ward the front of the machine, the disk 0 engages the pawl Q on the arm P, and carries the latter around, as shown by the arrow, Fig. 5'of the drawings, to the point designated by G During this movement of arm P it of course carries the rod U, which draws on the drill-rope and lifts the drill. As soon as the arm 1? reaches the point G, the pawl becomes disengaged, and will pass over the teeth of the ratchet O as the arm P flies aroundand the drill suddenly drops. The pawl Q. will'now be again in engagement with the teeth of the disk, and the operation will be repeated with each revolution of the shaft L. When the shaft L is turned in the opposite direction 6., toward the rear end of the machinc- (which -movement is necessary to wind the drums, as hereinafter specifieth) the arm P will retain its position, and the pawl Q will slip over the teeth of the ratchet O as the latter revolves with the shaft.

The revolution of the shaft L can be effected by any suitable power, but is preferably 0perated by the horse-power herein shown and specified. This horsepower-a horizontallyanchored inverted crown -wheel, H that is journaled on an axle, 1carries the sweep J, and meshes with a pinion, K", on a shaft, L having bearings M M in ground-blocks -N A tumbling-rod, O transmits the motion of this shaft L to the shaft L. \Vheels l? l? are adapted to be secured on the axle 1 'sothat the horse-power can be readily transported by attaching it at the rear end of the drill when the latter is moved from place to place,

Q is a transverse shaft arranged to slide in bearings R R 011 the beams E E, and carrying a heavy fly-wheel, S at one end and a pinion, T, near its other end, which pinion meshes with the gear-wheel N. At the end of shaft Q, is arranged a eireumferentiallygrooved disk, U that is engaged by a semi-' circular rod, V carried in the bifurcated end V of a shifting lever, X, that is fulcrumed' on a standard, 1, projecting from "one of the beamsG. By operating this lever the pinion T" maybe thrown into and out of engagement with the gear-wheel N. It is designed to be out of engagement when the drill is out of operat'io'n andthe drums are being-wound, but

'sh'oul'd' always be in operation with the drill. This fly-wheel will secure an even and-steady motion to" the drill mechanism, and '\Vi11.1)l6- vent the horsefrom pitching forwardwhen thedrill drops. Its more important function is to: prevent the drill from sticking'after it has dropped, as the inertia of the wheel will lift thedrill the instantit reaches its downward limit.

wound. end on one of the beams G, and has its bearings'at its other end in a box, B, arranged to brake'can be operated as desired. the disk G will be back against the spring H,

'slide in aguide-plate, 0, arranged on the otherbeam' G, to bring agear-wheel, D", on

the drum into engagement with the.-:-gearw'heel Nwhen' it is desired to wind the rope WV'on' the drum. Thesliding box B is open ated by'a 'lever,'E, connected to the said box by a' pivoted'rod,1* The end of the drumshaft is. provided with a friction wheel or disk,

G around which is arranged a flat'brakespring, H", secured atone end, I", to the beam G, and having its other end pivotally connected, as shown at J, to-an angular lever,

K, thatis connected by means of a pivoted rod, L with alever, M", by which the spring Normally to brake the drum as the drill-rope unwinds.

At the'rear end of the machine isarranged another-drum, N, having one end bearing, as at O ,"on the beam G, while its other end, I bears in the top of a lever, R, that is fulin the other beam G. The lever B is'operated by means of a lever, S and a connecting-rod, T, to shift the gearwheel U" into engagement with the wheel N when" it is desired to wind up the drum. The rope V, that" carries the bucket for drawing water,'is adapted towindon this drum, from which it passes over a pulley, \V", in the derrick-frame. \Vhen it is desired to wind the rope *V upon the drum, the latter is thrown into engagement with the gear-wheel N, and when released from this engagement a friction wheel or disk, X". Ion the shaft of the be" operated. This operating-rod can be eon-.

nected by a removable rod, 0, with the lever that operates the front drill-drum, so that the machine will be braked in position during operating by reason of the position of this lever.

The operation and advantages of my invention will be readily understood and appreci- "ated. It'is-very simple and inexpensive in construction, and can be easily and conveniently operated.

I am aware that the fixed ratchet and loose arm carrying the pawl for operating the drill are old,"and I therefore do not broadly claim this *as of my invention.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of the rotary main shaft, the drill-rope, mechanism on the shaft connecting with the drill-rope to raise the drill,

ageai wheel on'the 'shaft,'a"shaft having a :pinion engagingthis gear-wheel, anda flywheel fixed on this latter shaft, whereby sticking ofthedrill is obviated,substantially as set forth.

"2. The combination of the frame of the ma chine, comprising inits construction a derrickframe at its front end, having suitably-arranged pulleys, a centrally-arranged"mainrotary operating-shaft, a gear-wheelfixed on the said shaft, a winding-drum arranged in shifting bearings'at each side of the main*shaft, 'gearwheels fixed on the drums and arranged'to mesh with the gear-wheel on the main shaft, mechanism for'shiftingthe drums, the drillrope arranged on the front drum, mechanism on the main shaft connecting with. the drillrope and adapted to operate the same, and the bucket-rope arranged on the rear drum, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the drill-rope drum arranged in the shifting bearings and provided with the frictiondisk, of the springbrake extending around the said diskand c011- nected at its free end with lever-operating mechanism, substantially as and for the. purpose set forth.

4. The combination of the rotary main shaft fixed in its bearings, and carrying mechanism adapted to operate the drill-rope, a gear-wheel arranged on the saidshaft, the drum having IIO bearing in the top of a lever, a gear-wheel ar- In testimony that I claim the foregoing as 10 ranged on the said shaft and adapted to be my own I have hereto affixed my signature in thrown into engagement with the gear-wheel presence of two Witnesses.

on the main shaft, means for operating the 5 lever that forms one of the end bearings of ELI GATLlN. the drum, 2t frietiondisk arranged on the shaft of the drum, and a friction-block arranged to Witnesses: engage the said disk, substantially as and for R. A. CATLIN, the purpose set forth. I E. P. COSTER. 

